My request was for information about travel from New York to Milwaukee in 1847. From Walter Lewis I received the following: "The Rip Van Winkle is an average example of the classic New York-Albany steam packets of the mid-1840s. There are sketches of her on pages 78 and 79 of Stanton's American Steam Vessels." He gave a web site that has reproeucd pictures of this ship but I was not able to access it. (www.hhpl.on.ca/GreatLakers/scripats/Bib.asp?PublD=3) He continues: "If fairly poor in 1847 they might have taken a canal boat from Albany to Buffalo, but the tide had turned towards the railroads. By 1847 there were expresses from one end ot hte other of the patchwork of railroads that would become the New York Central. Ag Buffalo at least one, and frequently mroe steamboats left on the arrival of the coaches. The Empire illustrated on pages 74&75 of Stanton is a representative of the best of the mid-1840s Great Lakes steamers (and very similar in profile to the Hudson River steam packets). while your ancestors could stay in Buffalo, many chose to sleep overnight on the lake boarts (wake up around Cleveland). In 1847 the Michigan Central Rialroad was open, so travelers to Lake Michigan had the choice of going around by the Straits of Mackinac or crossing Michigan by rail and going on to Chicago ro Miwaukee by steamboat. The year before, odds were an immigrant would take the all water route from Buffalo; three years later there wer relatively few through passenger vessels and people proceeded by a variety of routes. Ten years later and the passage was typically by rail."